If you’re a NEW cyclist, you must want to know all parts of a bike. In this way, you can explain the mechanic exactly which part is broken when something goes wrong with your bike.
The bicycle consists of eight parts: frame, fork, shifting parts, steering parts, drivetrain parts, wheels and tyres, brakes and seat parts.
Ready to become a senior expert in all parts of a bike? Let’s go!
1. Frame
The frame is the soul of a bicycle.
Structural Design: Different structural design will give us different riding positions, which has a great impact on the comfort of cycling.
There are two ways to mark the frame size, one is in letters, such as XS, S, M, and so on. The other is to use specific values as a mark, such as 15.5 inches, 17 inches, 19 inches, etc. . Please note that even choosing a frame of the same number or letter, the specs of different brands may be different. The corresponding height range could be slightly different and cannot be generalized.
If we choose the unsuitable frame size, it will not only affect the strength of the rider, make the cycling more laborious, but also easy to cause back pain, hand pain and other injuries. Therefore, we should choose the most suitable frame size according to our actual situation.
Frame Material: An important reference to distinguish the luxury, mid-range and entry-lever bicycles.
At present, there are mainly four types of bike frames on the market: steel bike frame, aluminum bike frame, carbon fiber bike frame and titanium bike frame. For different frame materials, its strength, corrosion resistance, and manufacturing costs are different. In addition, steel and aluminum are currently the most widely used materials for bike frames in the market, mainly because of the low manufacturing cost and mature processing technology.
Steel frames are usually used for entry-lever bicycles, aluminum frames are generally used for mid-range bikes, and carbon fiber frames & titanium frames are mostly used for luxury bicycles.
2. Fork
The top of the bicycle fork is connected with the steering parts and the bottom of it is connected with the front wheel axle. It is mainly used to install the front wheel and the front brake.
There are rigid forks and suspension forks available. The rigid forks are generally used for urban bikes and road bikes, while the suspension forks are mostly used for mountain bikes.
The rigid forks are mainly made of steel, aluminum, carbon fiber and titanium. The suspension forks mainly have material of steel, aluminum and magnesium alloy and so on.
3. Steering Parts
The steering parts realize the steering function by controlling the fork direction. It is composed of handlebars, stem, grips, headset and spacers, which are installed on the steerer tube of fork to control the rotation of it.
There are steel, aluminum or carbon fiber materials for the stem and handlebars, while the aluminum material is used more commonly.
The headset spacers are made of plastic or aluminum, which are used to adjust the height of handlebar.
The headset is divided into ball bearing headset and roller bearing headset, which is placed inside the head tube of the frame.
4. Shifting Parts
There are mechanical shifting system and electronic shifting system for you to choose. The main brands are Shimano, Sram and Campagnolo, etc. .
The mechanical shifting parts are composed of gear levers, front derailleur, rear derailleur, and mechanical cables. The electronic shifting parts are composed of electronic switches, front derailleur, rear derailleur and battery pack.
The shifting parts correspond to different gear ratio in different position, which can improve the comfort of cycling.
5. Drivetrain Parts
The role of the drivetrain parts is to transfer the pedaling force of the rider to the rear wheel, which provides the power for the bicycle to move forward. The higher the efficiency of its transmission, the more labor-saving the cyclist.
The drivetrain parts are composed of crankset, pedals, bottom bracket, chain, cassette.
We should pay attention to the following points when choosing them:
Is the chain the appropriate speed?
Does the cassette support the current shifting parts?
Does the crankset fit the front derailleur and will it too large for the frame?
6. Brakes
The brakes are the braking devices of the bicycle, which is one of the essential components for bicycle. When choosing bikes, we should put the braking reliability in the first place.
There are two widely used braking ways: rim brake and disc brake. And the disc brake can be divided into mechanical disc brake and hydraulic disc brake.
The rim brake is widely used on classic or vintage bicycles, but less used on modern bicycles. Compared with hydraulic disc brake, the mechanical disc brake has relatively low manufacturing cost, so price is cheaper. However, the brake performance of hydraulic disc brake is better and the handling is smoother and more consistent.
The brakes are composed of disc brake rotor (for disc brake), calipers, cable and brake levers, etc. . Generally the brake levers are combined with gear shifters to become a single pair of levers, which have the ability to control the brakes or change gears.
7. Wheels and Tyres
The wheels consist of rims, hubs, spokes, nipples, and valves. After fitting the tyres, they can drive the bicycle forward by rolling back and forth.
The material of rim has the steel, aluminum and carbon fiber. The weight decreases in turn, and the price increases in order.
The hubs are divided into steel bearings and ceramic bearings. The ceramic bearings are better in performance, roll smoother and create less rolling resistance with less friction.
Most of the spokes on the market are commonly made of steel. Some manufacturers have also launched better carbon spokes, which have unmatched lightweight, stiffness, strength and allows you to feel your bike more responsive with higher stiffness-to-weight ratio.
When choosing a bicycle tyre, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct selection of tyre size to avoid being unable to install. Second, we should select the suitable tread pattern of tyres according to the use.
8. Seat Parts
The seat parts are composed of a seat post and a saddle. The riding posture can be adjusted by adjusting the insertion depth of the seat post and the forward or back positions of the saddle.
The seat post are made of steel, aluminum or carbon fiber.
We hope this article will help you to have a clear understanding of all the parts of a bike, so that you can choose the right components when upgrading your bicycle.
– Road Bike Wheelset/Rim
– Gravel Bike Wheelset/Rim
– MTB Wheelset/Rim
– BMX Wheelset/Rim
– Tri/TT/Track Wheelset
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